Y2k; Millennium Bug Essays - Calendars, Software Bugs, COBOL

Y2k; Millennium Bug Essays - Calendars, Software Bugs, COBOL Y2k; Millennium Bug The Millennial sun will initially ascend over human development in the free republic of Kiribati, a gathering of somewhere in the range of thirty low lying coral islands in the Pacific Ocean that ride the equator and the International Date Line, somewhere between Hawaii and Australia. This hotly anticipated dawn denotes the beginning of the year 2000, and conceivably, the beginning of unheralded interruptions in life as we probably am aware it in numerous pieces of the globe. Kiribatis 81,000 Micronesians may watch nothing extraordinary about this first light; they just got TV in 1989. Be that as it may, for the individuals who experience a daily reality such that depends on satellites, air, rail and ground transportation, producing plants, power, warmth, phones, or TV, at the point when the schedule clicks from 99 to 00, we will encounter a genuine millennial move. As the sun moves westbound on January 1, 2000, as the date moves quietly inside a large number of mechanized frameworks, we will start to encounter our PC subordinate world in a completely new manner. We will at last observe the degree of the arranged and associated forms we have made. At the stroke of 12 PM, the new thousand years proclaims the best test to current society that we still can't seem to look as a planetary network. I am portraying the year 2000 issue, known as Y2K (K connoting 1000.) Nicknamed from the outset The Millennial Bug, expanding affectability to the extent of the looming emergency has raised it to The Millennial Bomb. The issue starts as a basic specialized mistake. Huge centralized server PCs over ten years of age were most certainly not customized to deal with a four digit year. Staying here now, on the edge of the year 2000, it appears to be immeasurable that software engineers and microchip fashioners didn't get ready for it. Be that as it may, when these billions of lines of PC code were being composed, PC memory was over the top expensive. Recall when a PC just had 16 kilobytes of RAM? To spare extra room, most software engineers dispensed just two digits to a year. 1993 is 93 in information documents, 1917 is 17. These two-digit dates exist on a great many documents utilized as contribution to a large number of uses. Software engineers did whatever was required to get an item up and working; nobody even idea about measures. Something very similar occurred in the creation of microchips as of late as three years prior. Chip and other incorporated circuits are regularly simply modern number crunchers that tally and do math. They tally numerous things: parts of seconds, days, inches, pounds, degrees, lumens, and so on. Numerous chips that had a period work planned into them were just organized during the current century. What's more, when the date goes from '99 to '00 both they and the heritage programming that has not been fixed will think it is as yet the twentieth century not 2000, yet 1900 Y2K Date figurings influence unquestionably a larger number of a large number of frameworks than those that manage inventories, loan fees, or protection approaches. Each significant part of our cutting edge foundation has frameworks and gear that depend on such figurings to play out their capacities. We are reliant on modernized frameworks that contain date capacities to adequately oversee safeguard, transportation, power age, producing, media communications, money, government, training, social insurance, and that's only the tip of the iceberg. The rundown is longer, yet the image is really clear. We have made a world whose productive working in everything except the most unfortunate and remotest territories is subject to PCs. It doesnt matter whether you by and by utilize a PC, or that the vast majority around the globe dont even have phones. The universes financial and political foundations depend on PCs. What's more, not disengaged PCs. We have made thick systems of dependence aro und the world. We are organized together for monetary and political purposes. Whatever occurs in one piece of the system affects different pieces of the system. We have made a PC subordinate society, in any case, likewise a reliant planet. We as of now have had visit encounters with how delicate these frameworks are, the means by which disappointment's course through an arranged framework. While every one of these frameworks depends on a large number of lines of code that detail the necessary preparing, they handle their schedules in sequential design. Any following stage relies upon the previous advance. This sequential nature makes frameworks, regardless of their size, defenseless against even the smallest issue anyplace in the framework. In

What Is Critical Thinking? Revisited

What is Critical Thinking? Returned to What is Critical Thinking? The meaning of basic reasoning is â€Å"aiming to settle on savvy choices and arrive at right resolutions, and not being diverted enticement, feeling, eagerness, insignificant contemplations, idiocy, inclination, or other comparative things. † (Moore, 2012) Therefore, to think basically is to consider what one is going to state or do before saying or doing it. When thinking before making any move one is essentially considering reasoning and gauging the results of their activities before responding to any giving situation.A ideal case of this would be that there is a couple who urgently needs to get hitched however after both losing their positions they are living with the youthful man’s guardians until they can stand up. The young lady makes sure about work and is presently all set ahead with the wedding. The youngster contemplates it and arrives at the resolution that they should hold up until he gets ut ilized as well as until they are in their very own home and afterward go to City Hall to get hitched since a wedding takes cash that they don't have.This was thinking basically provided that they were to spend her wages on a wedding it is very conceivable that they would at present be living with his folks and not have any cash spared on the grounds that she at the time was the main individual with a salary. This would have been an outcome of not utilizing basic reasoning. I don't accept that my response to this inquiry this time around is vastly different than when I addressed it in the previous piece of this course. In spite of the fact that my answer appears to be comparative, my new information regarding the matter is not.I came into this course not knowing much at about the subject. I never pondered reasoning, unsound or substantial contentions, deductive thinking or any of the things that I currently have gained from taking this course. Presently I am giving more consideration to logical gadgets, having legitimate contentions, implicit premises and everything that accompanies these things. Works Cited Moore B. N. (2012). In Critical Thinking. New York: McGraw-Hill. â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ What is Critical Thinking Revisited 1

Job search project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Quest for new employment venture - Assignment Example What's more, the work will introduce an inside and out investigation of the current deficiency and the explanations for. Ecological wellbeing masters are proficient wellbeing laborers ordered to guarantee protected and sound condition inside private, business, mechanical and even entertainments settings. These experts likewise convey the name natural wellbeing or security overseer. Their essential obligation includes checking the nearness of any wellbeing risks and making appropriate arrangements to sift through the issues. Greater part of ecological wellbeing reviewers are discovered working in government foundations that screen bureaucratic, state and even neighborhood security and natural strategies. This takes in such obligations as checking processing plants and plants for modern squanders or some other contamination; assessing inns for neatness; and investigating day cares foundations, schools and nursing homes to discover if there is any heath perils that may incorporate lead paint or radon. Furthermore, ecological wellbeing assessors likewise check how medical clinics manage organic burn through while simultaneously guarantee recreational offices, for example, pools are in acceptable condition to be utilized by the public(NEHA). State utilized natural wellbeing monitors issue authentications and licenses, which qualify that a specific recreational office, spot of business or habitation has met the necessary security and wellbeing principles to start its activity. Then again private natural wellbeing overseers discovered working in privately owned businesses serve to keep the organizations offices inside the principles endorse by the legislature. Here, they guarantee that natural wellbeing masters send from the administration don't any infringement of the set arrangements. By and large, the ecological wellbeing monitor work necessitates that one has a base capability of a bachelor’s certificate in natural science. Expansion capability in any cours e identified with science, science, physical science, general wellbeing and natural designing is of incredible huge. People planning to work with government offices need to embrace an accreditation offered by the concerned bureaucratic, state or nearby organization. Such is the situation that numerous states have set up a permitting board to look at potential applicants who are at that point conceded confirmation in the wake of experiencing the procedure effectively. For this situation, the accreditation conceded relies much upon the idea of the concerned offices. Confirmation is additionally conceivable through the National Environmental Health Association (NEHA). Notwithstanding the scholarly capabilities, an able ecological wellbeing auditor ought to show certain abilities considered indispensable for this calling. To begin with, he/she should show solid representative connection and great relational abilities. This will help one relates with different partners in this field abse nt a lot of troubles. Also, an expert in this field needs to have great aptitudes in both verbal and composed correspondence. Such is the situation that this activity will require legitimate record keeping and simultaneously great introduction of the discoveries. Other significant aptitudes required are critical thinking, investigative and authoritative that will help in achieving the assignment given effectively and all the more adequately (NEHA). Ultimately, a natural hea

Federal Government Affects Education Sector in Australia - 550 Words

Describe How Federal Government Affects Education Sector in Australia (Research Paper Sample) Content: Impact of the Australian federal model of government on educationName:Institution affiliation:Background informationThe federal government of Australia also called Australian government was established in the year 1901, through the help of the Commonwealth governance when the six British colonies (south Australia, Tasmania, new south wales, Victoria, western Australia, and Queensland) came together to form the states of the Commonwealth. Five of these states are from the mainland leaving only a single one as an island. The governance was henceforth based on the parliament also referred to as the parliamentary form of governance whereby each federal state has a functional bicameral parliament that helps in the execution of duties at that level except for the Queensland, having only the legislative lower assembly after the abolition of the upper house in the 1920s.However, these states are each regulated by the constitution of the Commonwealth government of Australia à ƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬the central government. The head of state being governor general, each of the federal states is ruled by a governor appointed by the queen and a Supreme Court system. There are also ministries responsible for the execution of duties at each sector in the economy amongst which is the ministry of education. This paper is aimed at discussing how the federal governance impacts on the economy of education. Education one of the key sectors of the economy needs a very critical view and response to its challenges due its sensitive nature. The paper is, therefore, going to highlight some of the challenges affecting the education sector, the ways in which the Commonwealth governance has handled some of the challenges, growth, and development at different levels as well as the sections that need to be reformed.In most cases, each federal state has the responsibility to finance and look into the status of education curricular and quality. In Australia, the education in Australia has t hree levels; primary level (offered in the primary schools) secondary level (offered in secondary schools and high schools) and finally the tertiary level (offered either in the vocational education and training centers, colleges and universities). In the university research and innovation, Australia was ranked position six in the Program for International Students Assessment (PISA) due to the reforms that were put in place by the NIRA. In management, the education sector is stratified into different federal departments charged with different roles. For instance, in employment, there is the DET (Department of Education and Training) which was constituted in 2014 after several evolutionary names since 1987.Impacts of division of sectors between state and federal governments under the current federal government model on educationThe Commonwealth has faced a number of challenges since its formation back in the 1900s amongst which were in the education sector. These include the funding of schools as well as the results obtained by the learners and other stakeholders from the education programs. This called for the formation of the National Plans for Schools Improvement(NPSI). This, however, had to be made effective through the assistance of other programs and agreements hence in the year 2013, the Commonwealth signed the National Education Reforms Agreement(NERA), to implement the National Plans for Schools Improvement(NPSI). This has at least promoted education, however, still there is some area in the education sector that have to wait for the annual finance from the commonwealth budgetary allocations as per the Australian Education Act 2013.The division of the sectors in terms of governance between the Commonwealth government and the states has actually improved the quality and the access to education in Australia in many ways; to start with, the introduction of the per-student funding which has highly been credited to the NERA. This has seen into t that each a nd every student in a school that meets the standards outlined by the NERA 2013, would be sponsored as follows $9,271 per primary school student while for the secondary school students it was to be $12,193 per, the amount of money that was to be indexed by 3.6 % p.a. (Harrington, 2013). From these, it can be summarized that the federal governance system in Australia has actually achieved to a greater extent especially in as far as the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s vision 2030.Secondly, the introduction of the government fully-funded schools including the special schools (for children with disabilities), special assistance schools (for children with social, emotional and behavioral difficulties) as well as sole-provider schools among others. These have actually improved the economy as well as the output in the education sector, creating the nation in which the levels of literacy are relatively high compared to other countries. In fact, several people are educated and many are employed either for mally or in private businesses bringing more resources to the Australian economy. It is, however, worth noting that change does not come in a day as some people would think that success is achieved overnight, as time goes by, we expect a greater change and advantages associated with the federal government system.Thirdly, the federal government system has actually made education to be accessible to many families. This is due to the fact that the government is close to its subjects than when it formerly was based in the central governing body. This has as well created more opportunities as jobs and access to different educational facilities leading to ease in the coordination between the stakeholders of the education sector as well as making the funds available in running of the institutions and their projects. In the long run, Australia will experience a great shift in its economy and maybe it would turn out to be the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s super-economy.Advantages and disadvantages of th e growth and development in the education sectorCurrently, in Australia, investing in education is actually one of the safest businesses to venture into. This is due to a number of changes and developments that are all commendable. Generally, no one would dare risk life when it is more dangerous but when it is quite favorable. To start with, the growth and development in the curricular activities in Australian education have really changed lives at different social levels. To start with, the reforms in the university education has seen into it that the students enjoy the government subsidiary creating a competitive society in which a higher population of the youths struggle to meet the required grade and skills in order to enjoy such benefits. This is regardless of the possibility that students (when given opportunity without telling them to account for the resources), tend to misuse such chances by carrying out activities that would risk their future lives. For instance, the world over, university students tend to abuse drugs at the expense of reading. This affects the quality of skills they have upon completion of their studies.The introduction of foreignerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s education program in the country has also played a great role in the development of the educational as well as the overall national economy. This results from the creation of employment to people working in such institutions who spend their wages in the purchase of products and services. Similarly, such students also live in Australia for the whole academic period thereby raising money to the economy through their expenditure on the goods and services in the country. Australia is also at risk of poverty in case the foreigner will continue coming into the nation in the name of improvement in education policies and systems because, these students, upon completion of their studies tend to be attracted to the nation too much. This leads to most of them securing sensitive kinds of jobs which other wise would benefit the natives and raise their income. If the trend continues then most offices would have all people in Australia being foreigners. Moreover, it is also not assumed that when more foreigners come to a country they tend to bring along their practices which in turn interferes with the economy as well. For instance, they can come with their good that if they could buy in Australia, it could bring some changes in the economy. On the same note, the foreigners can as well exploit the Australian economic resources due to illegal trade fairs. This calls for scrutiny of the items that such students carry into and out of the country.Thirdly, everyone is usually driven by the desire to improve in his lifestyle as well as that of his/her family members. This is assured to us by the current federal-state system. This is due to several opportunities of getting the education as well as moving up the social ladder, this is due to the fact that the kind of knowledge that the student s get in Australian basic schools, institutions of vocational training as well as the universities are highly suited to the competitive modern economy. In addition, the rate at which the graduates from the Australian universities are ready to serve the society is encouraging making the future be quite promising. From the economic point of view, one would say that, if the workers have the relevant and quality skills then such a society has the best boosters of the overall growth of its economic status.Whereas there are many advantages of federal governance in the education sector, there has been an outcry by the citizens concerning the private and the public schools especially in relation to funds they receive from the government. This has been so because, regardless of the fact that the rich bourgeois who own schools accumulating more money, the government keeps pumping more money into the private schools. This is the issue that promotes inequality. These ...

Understanding The Predominant Program Models For Early...

There is an accumulation of similarities and contrast within each discussion category. The idea of how they relate in terms of theory becomes a highly complex analysis because the threads for all three programs are virtually the same and shaped heavily by the social sciences. Aside from the tangles of likeness and crossovers in theory, modes of operation and arrangement, the historical aspect addresses the pathway leading to each models final take on how relationship are a necessity in educating young children. In regards to the history of early childhood education, there is a high level of connectedness between care and education. (Canella, ) In order to understand the predominant program models for early childhood education let the consensus for model be described as a curriculum based approach or a curriculum. What does curriculum mean? For the sake of identifying quality, curriculum is a key component for building sustainable early childhood education programs. Curriculum encompasses ideas and materials transferred to a student to develop knowledge and skills as framed by identified expectations. The NAEYC s definition states . . . in general curriculum is seen as the means by which a society helps learners acquire the knowledge, skills, and values that that society deems most worth having. ( ,2015) The frameworks of Developmental-Interactional Approach, Direct Instructional Model, and Reggio Emilia Approach are approaches observed in early childhoodShow MoreRelatedMy Values And Skills Development1198 Words   |  5 Pagesthoughtfully reflecting on and learning from powerful life experiences both personal and w itnessed. As my life’s journey continues, it is my intention to add the knowledge and skills requisite to an excellent counselor to my practical and appreciative understanding of the human existence. 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Race In Culture And Media. There Are Over Seven Billion

Race in Culture and Media There are over seven billion people living today, each one of them is distinct and unique in their own way. The daily interactions and experiences shape our view on how we respond to the changes that we encounter in daily life. The way we behave in our mesosystems’ is a result of the influence of our microsystems. We grow emulating the behaviors and norms we observe relating with family and friends. Moreover, the media is a critical tool that shapes and instills in us certain values, views and perceptions. The person that one grows up to be is highly dependent on these factors which serves to define one’s sense of identity. In totality, our upbringing, culture and the media shape our concept of an authentic self.†¦show more content†¦Similarly, Wesley Yang is an estranged Asian American with no notion about his culture or language. He goes on to write: â€Å"†¦I, for instance, am the child of Korean immigrants but I do not speak my parents’ native tongue, I have never called my elder brothers by the proper honorific, â€Å"big brother† †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Yang, 521). This is another example of a people who have lost their culture in a bid to fit in. Every immigrant dreams of equal opportunity for success in America. They believe the surest way to climb the social ladder is through sheer hard work as evidenced by the parents portrayed by Yang who ‘push’ their children to achieve the high grades in school to get the best of opportunities. Also Yoshino says â€Å"†¦I understand the reasons Asian parents have raised a generation this way. Doctor, Lawyer†¦are good jobs for whoever works hard enough for them†, (Yoshino 521). These parents raise their children in the stern Asian manner but fail to impart their cultural heritage so that the children can behave more like Americanized children. Yang’s work illustrates Yoshino’s argument on compensating; it poses a hidden threat to our civil rights. He goes on to says: â€Å"...covering is a hidden assault on our civil rights†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , (Yoshino 540), â€Å"†¦We have not been able to see it as such because it has swaddled itself in the benign language of assimilation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This country has made huge strides in granting people their rights to social and political freedom andShow MoreRelatedFrance And India Are On Different Spectrums When It Comes1126 Words   |  5 PagesFrance and India are on different spectrums when it comes to culture and traditions. India is known for its vibrant and colorful traditions, while France is known for its well-polished ones. The one thing that both these countries can relate the most in is media. Media plays an intensive role in both countries. They both strive in creating media that is true to their culture and beliefs. 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Poem explication Life at War Essay Example For Students

Poem explication Life at War Essay War! Its around us all the time. If were not at war then there is always some other country around the world that is. Its all over movies and all over the news everyday. Almost always showing the same thing, violence and innocent lives being taken. There are many people that disagree with the idea of War. As I read the poem, Life at War by Levertov, I started to realize that she might be one of these people. Sometimes the images that people get from reading a poem cant be found until they have read it many times. Then and only then does that person have a full and complete understanding of what they are reading. In the poem she talks about War and how it affects human life for the bad. The poem portrays the image that Levertov is against War and that mankind will never be able to live at peace because of War. The first reason why I believe that Levertov is against the idea of War is the way she speaks of Man. In the poem she cant believe how man could do such things to one another. She cant believe that such a sensitive being can do such harmful and hateful things to each other. She says, these acts are one to our own flesh(964). By that she is saying that these acts of War that we as people convince ourselves that it is necessary(964) is actually done to our own flesh because we are killing people just like ourselves. People who have families, loved ones, and people who are living their lives to make a living for their families. She doesnt understand how we as people can kill someone else who is so much like ourselves. Someone who laughs and cries just the way do. The second reason why I believe that she is against War is the way she speaks of war and how it has become a part of our lives in everything we do. She claims that The disasters numb within us caught in the chest, rolling in the brain like pebbles(963). By this she means that people have become numb to all the pain and suffering that go along with the acts of War. We as people dont feel remorse for the people we kill at war. We think that were doing the right thing when we take that other persons life, but does that person even have anything to do with the reason why the war is being fought? Most often hes just a person chosen to go off and die for his country. She goes on to say, our nerve filaments twitch with its presence day and night. Nothing we say has not the husky phlegm of it in the saying(964). She is saying that everything we say and do carries the presence of War within it. People have almost become immune to it and have accepted such a horrid thing as a part of our lives. According to Levertov mankind will not be able to live at peace because of the presence of War around us all the time. She says, nothing we do has the quickness, the sureness, the deep intelligence living at peace would have(964). Her argument here is that we can never be at peace when there is the presence of War around us. In order for mankind to live at peace we would have to feel safe from the though of War. With the presence of War always there we can not be at peace in our minds and in the things we do everyday. We cant get rid of War or just shut it out. It only goes away when the people of the world are at peace with each other. Its in our history, its here now in the present, and it will definitely be in our future for many years to come. After reading this poem over and over these images became clearer each time I read it. .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 , .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 .postImageUrl , .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 , .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42:hover , .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42:visited , .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42:active { border:0!important; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42:active , .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42 .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucea57d4d85528567b5a66b5c9b14cb42:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Shakespeare's "Sonnet 116," Andrew Marvell's "To His Coy Mistress," and John Clare's "First Love" EssayI began to see that she was indeed against the thought of War and possibly could have suffered from the things that were seen on the battlefield. Her arguments are strong and supported in her thoughts. The main images in the poem are that mankind has been corrupted by these images of War. Our world has accepted War as a part of their lives and believe it is a necessary thing to survive. Her take is different in that she thinks that War is not needed and wishes that the world could live at peace together without the fear and thought of War.

The Relationship Between Freedom And Civilization Essays - Culture

The Relationship Between Freedom And Civilization The Relationship between Freedom and Civilization Freedom is defined as ?a being able to act, use, etc. freely?. Civilization is defined as ?the peoples considered to have reached a high social development?. This essay will discuss the relationship between both freedom and civilization, by showing how a increase in one will lead to a decrease in the other and vice versa. With a civilization comes a decline in freedom due to religious and government made laws that restrict certain doings and beliefs. For a group of people to be considered Civilized they have to have ?Complex Institutions? one of those being Religion. With a religion comes beliefs and rules to follow that a man must take in if he wants to follow that religion. In these beliefs alone there is probably 100 different things alone that a man can't think. That alone restricts his freedom. Along with these things a man can't think, there is probably 1,000 actions or doings he can't perform without breaking his beliefs. So civilizations just with religious laws alone would almost destroy a mans freedom. But without religion no culture of people would be considered civilized. So just with the religion inside of a civilization, a man's freedom is taken from him. But in most civilizations there is more than just religious laws there is also government or man made laws (But these laws are also said to be the word of the gods but there is no proof of this) Imagine a civilization where there is no thought of a higher being or any type of religion. Of course there wouldn't be any religious laws then but there would be government made laws to help keep order amongst the people. Freedom is again defined as being able to act freely (Thus meaning no rules, laws or restrictions can be put on the people about beliefs, actions.). Some call the U.S. the ?Land of the Free? but how can we consider ourselves to be free with all the laws that limit our actions in public and in our own homes. But if we had no laws chaos would reign and with that how could we consider ourselves to be civilized. People would do whatever they pleased this including killing, raping, stealing, etc. So calling ourselves free is the last thing we should do considering all the thousands of laws we have here in the great old USA. So far this essay has only showed two different attributes of any civilization, religion and government. But most early civilizations are very diffe rent from how things are now. Today in no way are religion and government related at all except for the religious beliefs of the people in the government. In early civilizations the whole government was controlled by religion. In these early civilizations the government could control the people to make them do or think whatever the government wanted. They did this with food surplus. Not only did the government decide how much you were taxed but also how much of the food surplus is given to you. So if you didn't believe in what the government wanted you to or if they thought of you as threat the society (threat meaning that you would impose your newly founded beliefs on to the followers of the government). You would probably be killed or starved or the government would tell the rest of the people you were crazy and they'd probably make an example of you to show the others to never go against the government. So in these early civilizations the government or the men inside of it controlled all, they really tried to almost become the gods. These men could give or take lives and do whatever they really wanted and they could justify it with religion. So in these early civilizations that were controlled by religi on, as the civilization grew the freedom of its people decreased until was inevitably demolished. They had no freedom they were almost like slaves of the government or the ?priests? that would claim to have talked to the almighty. The worst part of it all was that they could justify this by claiming it had to do with the words

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation and Example

Henderson You can calculate the pH of a buffer solution or the concentration of the acid and base using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Heres a look at the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and a worked example that explains how to apply the equation. Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates pH, pKa, and molar concentration (concentration in units of moles per liter): pH pKa log ([A-]/[HA]) [A-] molar concentration of a conjugate base [HA] molar concentration of an undissociated weak acid (M) The equation can be rewritten to solve for pOH: pOH pKb log ([HB]/[ B ]) [HB] molar concentration of the conjugate base (M) [ B ] molar concentration of a weak base (M) Example Problem Applying the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation Calculate the pH of a buffer solution made from 0.20 M HC2H3O2 and 0.50 M C2H3O2- that has an acid dissociation constant for HC2H3O2 of 1.8 x 10-5. Solve this problem by plugging the values into the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for a weak acid and its conjugate base. pH pKa log ([A-]/[HA]) pH pKa log ([C2H3O2-] / [HC2H3O2]) pH -log (1.8 x 10-5) log (0.50 M / 0.20 M) pH -log (1.8 x 10-5) log (2.5) pH 4.7 0.40 pH 5.1

Yorktown-American Revolutionary War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Yorktown-American Revolutionary War - Essay Example The actual war was is said to have begun on September 28 when American forces under the leadership of General George Washington together with its French-allied forces led by Comte de Rochambeau hatched a plan to attack the British forces together with its allies that had camped at Yorktown in Virginia. Washington and Rochambeau moved with their troops (about 3,000-armed soldiers in total) and joined others who had already settled in Yorktown making about 17,000 soldiersi. On arrival, the soldiers carried out lethal bombardments on the British soldiers who were immediately overpowered by the American and French soldiers led by Washington and Rochambeau. Washington made life difficult for the British troops by shelling them for a period of three weeksii. After succeeding in this phase of the battle, Washington together with Rochambeau began to work on the second phase of the war which began on October 11iii. The aim of this second phase was to extend the siege line. However, the Americ an troops were repulsed by the British troops that mounted a strong resistance. However, the American and French troops managed to capture quite a number of British redoubts and pushing some British rebouts further away. Fighting continued until October 17, 1781 when the American forces backed by French forces managed to surround the British forces in Yorktown.... The American troops under the leadership of Washington and the French troops led by Rochambeau are said to have been more tactical in their approach to the war than the British troops, which gave them an advantage of the British soldiersvi. In addition, the America troops and its allies, the French soldiers, had the advantage of numbers over their enemies at the time the war broke out in Yorktown. In this regard, the American troops outnumbered the British troops in a ratio of two to one. This is because there were a total of 17,000 American and French soldiers against only 7,600 British soldiers. Basically, this made it difficult for the British soldiers to continue with the war, particularly after a few minutes of the war led to the loss of about 500 British soldiers against only 80 American and 200 French soldiersvii. As a result, the British soldiers had no option but to surrender leading to their loss of victory in the revolutionary war. In the event that the British won the rev olutionary battle, probably America’s independence would not have come so soonviii. The attainment of America’s independence just a few years after the war clearly points to the fact that Americans actually won the revolution. After the British forces had lost the Yorktown battle, the British parliament decided that the country discontinue the battle against America and its allies for fear that it could lose the war which would put the country in a bad positionix. As a result, the king was compelled to accept the loss of the Yorktown revolution to America, its thirteenth colony. In fact, after losing the revolutionary war against America, Britain retreated

Henry Fayol's Management Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Henry Fayol's Management Theories - Essay Example The principles act as guide to thinking, practice, and represent the sum total of management truths. Fayol further simplified the fourteen principles of management into five including planning, organising, controlling, commanding, and coordinating. According to Fayol, organisations need to plan, document and schedule all industrial processes. Planning helps in smooth running of an organisation, which needs capital, work force, and time. Production is a long process that needs forecasting of resources, to provide them as and when required by different departments. After planning, organising functions allows materials to get to the right departments on time. Fayol suggested that personnel need direction and guidance in their work to increase productivity. The commanding function of management helps carry out this function. Coordinating function makes certain that personnel work together towards a single goal. The final management function Fayol’s suggests is the controlling func tion where managers evaluate their subordinates work to ensure that it is in line with the given commands. Despite many criticisms, Fayol’s theories still form the basis of management practices and teachings in the 21st century. Principles of Management and Competitive Strategies: Using Fayol to Implement Porter is an article by Yoo, Lemak, and Choi. The paper presents the usefulness of Fayol’s principles of management to Michael Porter’s current competitive strategies. According to Yoo, Lemak, and Choi, â€Å"Fayol’s principles of management provided and continue to provide a general management perspective for practicing managers and an instructional tool for academicians teaching in the field of management† (Yoo, Lemak, and Choi 2006, p.353). The adaptability of Fayol’s principles of management is possible because he views management as flexible and adaptable to every need and change. Porter’s competitive strategies theory posit tha t businesses should put into serious consideration policies that enhance quality products to sell at high prices in the markets. Competitive advantage occurs when a company produces differentiated products that make consumers willing to pay higher for them. A company gains competitive advantage on acquiring resources and ideas that make it perform at a higher level. Additionally, a company can gain competitive advantage by supplying similar products in the market but at a lower cost. Michael Porter’s theory of competitive advantage is in use by many companies today who want to operate at a higher level than their competitors do. Some researchers have ignored the work of Porter arguing that it requires different resources, tactics, corporate cultures, and atmosphere to implement. However, a closer examination of Fayol’s principles reveals that some of them can be matched to Porter’s implementation framework. Research done by Waren et al proves that eight of the f ourteen principles by Fayol fit in well in the implementation of Porter’s cost strategy of competitive advantage. These include division of work, authority, responsibility, unity of command, unity of direction, scalar chain, stability of tenure of personnel, and initiative. Three of these that will fit in the differentiation strategy include stability of

Rebellion and Social Norms Among Youth Essay Example for Free

Rebellion and Social Norms Among Youth Essay Young people have a tendency not to comply with any laws when it’s come to their wellbeing. Young people always try to express their opinions and restrain from obeying their leaders which sometimes lead to a disaster result of their poor decisions in life. According to Gary Schwartz book, explain what happens in Sammy’s mind and what causes the reaction of quitting his job at the end (Schwartz 55). Therefore, the issue of young people is rebellion against their social norms is the central theme of the â€Å"AP† john Updike story. At the beginning of the story, Sammy is fully within his place in society as a whole (Saldana 95). Meaning that he is just an average teenager with an average job in a small town where everyone knows each other. At that time, Sammy was a cashier at a supermarket named AP in a small town north of Boston in 1961. There begins Sammy’s rebellion when the trio of girls enter the supermarket with bathing suits on and barefoot. After the girls enter the Supermarket and walk in every department to look for the item they need. Lengel the manager of the supermarket approaches the girls and lectures them on what they are wearing on them inside of the supermarket. After the girls walk away, Sammy gets mad and decides to quit his job at this point. Sammy unleashes an impression identity style behavior against Lengel (Schwartz 35). Which mean Sammy feels for the first time in his life that he has to let go his timidity and confront Lengel without thinking of his action to get Queenie attention. The way Lengel undresses the girls with his eyes make Sammy sick to his stomach. That is what triggers Sammy’s anger to react as if he does not care of what happens to him. As long he receives Queenie’s attention, it’s enough for him. Today, young people wear any kind of clothes that attract people’s attention. Sometimes the way they dress can be very provocative. Even though Sammy is gloomy at the beginning of the story, he begins to feel his happiness at the end but not the way he has plan it would be for his action. Sammy has gone from being judgmental to a hero Fritz 2 and then he starts regretting his decisions (Saldana 96). He experiences a transformation; he knows that life will be harder for him hereafter. That is why an old priest of Haiti said â€Å"one must never act in conformity with society and should be willing to take risks†. Meaning a wrong move at any time can make the society reject you. Social class structures have a significant role in this story and can be viewed as one of the norms that Sammy is rebelling against (Schwartz 45). Perhaps in Lengel mind, he thinks that they come from a low class family that does not teach them how to act in public. When Lengel makes it his business to reprimand Queenie and the other girls, she maintains her stubborn comportment and explains that she is here to pick up an item that her mother requests her to buy. In response to this, Lengel takes a step further by first repeating himself and then explains to the girls, â€Å"We want you decently dressed when you come in here† (Updike). According to Sammy, Lengel is a heart cold person, whose interpretation of the ideal person in this society: God fearing, church people who know their place and not go against their will. It is at this point in the story that Queenie loses her bearing for the first time. Sammy’s response to this predicts that his decision to defy Lengel and the supermarket rules will be signified by his exposing his own shoulders, and that is precisely what occurs. Rebellion and social norms appear to have an impact among young people this day. Most of the time, they stand up for what they feel is right and neglect the consequences. Sammy was able to bring attention to him, but it did not work the way that he had planned it would be. The girls most likely didn’t even know that Sammy even quit his job. He tried very hard to get Queenie to see him and accept him, but that didn’t work either. That is why people can never sympathize with Sammy’s action because it results to an act of rebellion against his social norms.

The Metamorphosis: Use Of Comedy And Irony Essay -- essays research pa

To what extent did Kafka use comedy/irony to develop his tragic, cynical view of society and family?Gregor Samsa, a young traveling salesman who lives with and financially supports his parents and younger sister, Grete, wakes up one morning to find "himself changed in his bed into a monstrous vermin" or insect. At first, to my surprise, he is preoccupied with practical, everyday concerns: How to get out of bed and walk with his numerous legs? Can he still make it to the office on time? Most persons would be devastated to find themselves in such a position as Gregor, but he did not seem to care much about himself, but only about his obligations, instead of panicking, he starts cursing his job : "If I did not hold back for my parents’ sake, I would have quit long ago, I would have marched up to the boss and spoken my piece from the bottom of my heart", " Well, I have not given up hope completely; once I’ve gotten the money together to pay off my parents’ debt to him, I’m going to make the big break. But for the time being, I better get up, since my train leaves at five." This is a sort of dry humour; a person in a tragic situation does not seem to notice the predicament he is in.He tries to get out of bed, but his new form does not enable him to do the things he used to do so easily. The way he describes it, can already be seen as comical : "First he tried to get out of bed with the lower part of his body, but this lower part- which by the ...

Human history Essay

Human history has undergone various revolutions, political, economic and nationalistic revolutions. Of important consideration too, is the psychological revolution that has made significant advances which helped to unravel the mysteries of human behavior. This encompasses the scientific ability to understand how we behave and why. It is not surprising that various approaches had developed namely: the behavioral, cognitive, cross-cultural, humanistic, psychoanalytic, and psychobiological approaches. Although some would readily view each approach as conflicting, they mainly vary in focus and could be viewed and used as complimenting methods (Carunchio, C. â€Å"The Study of Psychology†). However, for the purpose of this paper, discussion will deal only with the psychoanalytic approach. The psychoanalytic theory developed by Sigmund Freud had created a huge impact that went beyond the walls of scientific study. Although it has also garnered much criticism, it is still considered as one of the major contributors in the field of understanding human behavior and opened new ways of treating psychological problems (psychosomatic illnesses) which were remotely understood by previous physicians. According to this perspective, behavior is the byproduct of instinctual and unconscious forces. The mind is a battleground where these conflicting psychic forces struggle for supremacy and our behavior often represents a compromise between these forces (â€Å"Major Themes and Assumptions of Psychoanalytic Theory†). Major Assumptions Include: A. Man’s behavior is fueled by a psychic energy which always looks for an outlet to be expressed. Common psychological occupation which involve feelings and thought processes is presumed to be triggered by the libido/sexual and death instincts. It believes that human behavior (normal or abnormal) is shaped and influenced by these inner forces of which man is unaware, being repressed into the unconscious depths of the mind, since early expressions continually receive punishment. Hidden in the recesses of the mind, it becomes the very source of energy which continually strives for release. B. Topography of the psyche: unconscious, pre-conscious, and conscious The mind is represented through the famous ‘iceberg’ metaphor. The unconscious is represented at the baseline of an iceberg, hidden and comprising the largest part. At the middle is the pre-conscious. It flashes some of the hidden part of the unconscious to consciousness, just as a real iceberg is partly ‘seen’ and partly submerged. Topmost, and also the smallest part, corresponds consciousness — illustrating the little amount of human experiences that man is aware of. Painful and unacceptable information, of which the conscious part is unable to bear, is pushed down to the unconscious. C. Structure of Mind: Id, Ego and Superego It has a corresponding mental structure: the Id, Ego and Superego. Behavior is either motivated by any of the dynamics of these structures. Irrational behavior is influenced by the Id; rational actions by the Ego, while moral measures by the Superego. D. Means of Resolving Psychic Conflicts Shape a Person’s Personality A person’s trait is determined by how a person resolves these internal struggles. Onset of shaping starts from early childhood experiences. Unresolved stages would cause a person to be ‘stuck’ at a certain psychosexual stage (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital). A person for example, fixated at the oral stage, will either exhibit to flip from one extreme of over-dependence or being highly independent (â€Å"Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development†). E. Psychic Determinism It assumes that nothing is accidental. Forgetting or remember something, ‘slips of the tongue’, or content of dreams are seen as influenced by hidden causes (in the unconscious) which are only looking for expressions. The goal of psychoanalysis is in reliving events or probing into hidden causes in order that conflicts will be resolved in the consciousness. F. Defense Mechanisms An integral part of maintaining human functioning includes defense mechanisms. Unpleasant thoughts or events which prove too painful for the conscious to tolerate are rerouted to the unconscious by means of defense mechanisms. G. Objective of Therapy is to Help Resolve Psychological Problems Through Probing into the Unconscious The goal of therapy is to help a person resolve unconscious conflicts. These hidden conflicts are brought to the fore by means of free association, wherein a person says whatever came to mind and to let one association lead freely to another, regardless of whether it is logical or irrational. It also uses hypnosis to achieve its objective (R. Smith, I. Sarason, and B. Sarason. â€Å"Psychodynamic Perspective: The Forces Within†). References: 1. Carunchio, Clotilde. â€Å"The Study of Psychology†.PowerPoint presentation taken from http://www. unich. it/facolta/psicologia/matdid0607/carunchio/thestydyofpsychology. pdf 2. â€Å"Major Themes and Assumptions of Psychoanalytic Theory†. http://www. wilderdom. com/personality/L8-1MajorThemesAssumptionsPsychoanalytic. html. 3. â€Å"Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development: Oral, anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital†. http://www. wilderdom. com/personality/L8-5FreudPsychosexualStagesDevelopment. html 4. Smith, R. , Irwin and Barbara Sarason. â€Å"Psychodynamic Perspective: The Forces Within†. Psychology: Frontiers of Behavior. Harper and Row, Inc. 1986.

Girl Interrupted Film Analysis - 858 Words

Running head: AN ANALYSIS OF GIRL, INTERRUPTED. 1 An Analysis of Girl, Interrupted Irvelt Nicolas And Alyssa Reilly College of Staten Island AN ANALYSIS OF GIRL, INTERRUPTED 2 An†¦show more content†¦Wage, Georgina’s boyfriend amuses the trouble women with stories about his father which he said is a CIA agent. The issues faced by this population Among 20 percent of the adults in the U.S. face a mental health problem within a given AN ANLYSIS OF GIRL. INTERRUPTED 3 year, and about one in 25 adults suffers from a serious mental condition that impacts quality of life. (Any mental illness among adults) . This population face a lot of issues related to a lack of funding. The federal government is making efforts to offer funds for mental health care. In the Early 2014, an appropriations bill made the way for $ 115 million to go toward mental health initiatives. However, in some part of the country, available mental health are still severely lacking. U.S. News World Report States. â€Å"According to data from the Department of Health and Human Services, 55 percent of the U.S. counties, all of which are rural, do not have a practicing psychiatrist, psychologist, or social workers†. The issue is related also to irregular follow up due to financial problem. The process of rehabilitation starts with medication. Due to lack of money, patients cannot come for a regular follow up. They cannot afford bus-fare or train fare to go the clinical or hospital to take medication. They cannot takeShow MoreRelatedTechniques Of Classical Hollywood : A Formal Narrative Analysis1381 Words   |  6 PagesMatthew Paciorkowski Dr. Scott Richmond Intro to Film 7 November 2014 The Techniques of Classical Hollywood: A Formal Narrative Analysis After an eventful night, Hildy and Walt are in the press office working on one of the biggest stories of their lives. Bruce, Hildy’s fiancà ©, runs in the room fed up with her behavior. 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Brittany Clontz Nursing 114 Girl interrupted is a gripping tale of a girl’s maladaptation to the challenges of life. The movie focuses on a young girl named Suzanna Kaysen growing up in the 1960s and struggling with the world around her. Suzanna is admitted to Clarmoore institution after she consumes a whole bottle of aspirin and alcohol to deal with her pain. When admitted to Clarmoore she claims she was not trying to commit suicide, but that she just had a headacheRead MoreVisual Analysis of Breathless (Godard)3864 Words   |  16 Pagesand Visual Analysis Paolo Favero Tim Somers s0111755 Film Studies Visual Culture BREATHLESS by Jean-Luc Godard A visual analysis by Tim Somers Aesthetics and Visual Analysis Fall term 2012 Ne va pas montrer tous les cà ´tà ©s des choses, garde-toi une marge d indà ©Ã¯ ¬ ni. Jean-Luc GODARD Introduction It isn t hard to see why Breathless (original title: À Bout de Soufï ¬â€še) manages to distinguish itself from general ï ¬ lm, being now or at the time it came out. Despite being the ï ¬ rst ï ¬ lm by inï ¬â€šuentialRead MoreVisual Analysis of Breathless (Godard)3864 Words   |  16 PagesAesthetics and Visual Analysis Paolo Favero Tim Somers s0111755 Film Studies Visual Culture BREATHLESS by Jean-Luc Godard A visual analysis by Tim Somers Aesthetics and Visual Analysis Fall term 2012 Ne va pas montrer tous les cà ´tà ©s des choses, garde-toi une marge dindà ©Ã¯ ¬ ni. Jean-Luc GODARD Introduction It isnt hard to see why Breathless (original title: À Bout de Soufï ¬â€še) manages to distinguish itself from general ï ¬ lm, being now or at the time it came out. Despite being the ï ¬ rst ï ¬ lm by inï ¬â€šuentialRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Elf 2413 Words   |  10 Pagestheir goodness is at stake impacts human behavior. Thus, leading to the expression â€Å"throwing someone under the bus† and causing distress to both parties of this situation. The first example is a classic Christmas film, Elf. The second example is an episode from a popular TV show, Gossip Girl, based on a novel series by Cecily von Ziegesar. During these difficult circumstances of throwing someone under the bus, someone will always be hurt in the process, whether it is physical or emotional. Hypothesis